What are the signs of poor blood circulation?
What are the signs of poor blood circulation?
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What is the process of blood circulation step by step?
Blood is a red-colored, opaque, saline, and slightly alkaline fluid connective tissue that circulates throughout the body. In a healthy adult human, the total volume of blood is approximately 5–6 liters, which accounts for about 8% of total body weight. The blood of humans and most other vertebrates appears red due to the presence of hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein found in red blood cells.
Hemoglobin binds with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin and transports oxygen from the lungs to various tissues of the body. A small portion of carbon dioxide also binds with hemoglobin and is carried to the lungs, while most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood as bicarbonate ions.
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What is the process of producing blood?
Introduction
Blood Plasma
Serum
Blood Cells
General Functions of Blood
Abnormal Conditions of Blood Production
Classification and Importance of Blood
Conclusion
Introduction
Since nearly 8% of the body consists of blood, even a slight loss or deficiency can be life-threatening. Maintaining healthy blood requires proper nutrition, regular care, and a healthy lifestyle. Knowledge of blood groups, blood transfusion rules, and the roles of antigens and antibodies is also essential.
An antigen is a foreign substance or protein that enters the body and is recognized as harmful by the immune system. In response, the body produces antibodies, which help neutralize or destroy these antigens.
Blood Plasma
Plasma is the liquid portion of blood. It constitutes about 90% water, while the remaining 10% contains various dissolved organic and inorganic substances..jpeg "What are the signs of poor blood circulation?")
Organic Components
Nutrients: glucose, amino acids, fats, vitamins
Waste products: urea, uric acid, creatinine
Proteins: albumin, globulin, fibrinogen
Protective substances: antitoxins, agglutinins
Hormones and other substances: cholesterol, lecithin, bilirubin
Functions of Plasma
Transportation of nutrients and blood cells
Removal of metabolic wastes to the kidneys
Transport of carbon dioxide to the lungs
Carrying blood-clotting factors
Transport of hormones and enzymes
Maintenance of acid–base balance
Serum
Serum is the light yellow fluid that remains after blood coagulation. It is obtained by removing blood cells and clotting proteins from plasma. The key difference between plasma and serum is that plasma contains clotting factors, whereas serum does not.
Blood Cells
What is the process of producing blood?
Introduction
Blood Plasma
Serum
Blood Cells
General Functions of Blood
Abnormal Conditions of Blood Production
Classification and Importance of Blood
Conclusion
Introduction
Since nearly 8% of the body consists of blood, even a slight loss or deficiency can be life-threatening. Maintaining healthy blood requires proper nutrition, regular care, and a healthy lifestyle. Knowledge of blood groups, blood transfusion rules, and the roles of antigens and antibodies is also essential.
An antigen is a foreign substance or protein that enters the body and is recognized as harmful by the immune system. In response, the body produces antibodies, which help neutralize or destroy these antigens.
Blood Plasma
Plasma is the liquid portion of blood. It constitutes about 90% water, while the remaining 10% contains various dissolved organic and inorganic substances.
.jpeg "What are the signs of poor blood circulation?")
What vitamins help improve circulation?
Nutrients: glucose, amino acids, fats, vitamins
Waste products: urea, uric acid, creatinine
Proteins: albumin, globulin, fibrinogen
Protective substances: antitoxins, agglutinins
Hormones and other substances: cholesterol, lecithin, bilirubin
Functions of Plasma
Transportation of nutrients and blood cells
Removal of metabolic wastes to the kidneys
Transport of carbon dioxide to the lungs
Carrying blood-clotting factors
Transport of hormones and enzymes
Maintenance of acid–base balance
Serum
Serum is the light yellow fluid that remains after blood coagulation. It is obtained by removing blood cells and clotting proteins from plasma. The key difference between plasma and serum is that plasma contains clotting factors, whereas serum does not.
Blood Cells
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Blood cells are suspended in plasma and are of three main types:
1. Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
Red blood cells are biconcave, disc-shaped, and red due to hemoglobin. They are produced in the bone marrow and do not divide after entering the bloodstream. The average lifespan of an RBC is about 120 days. In mammals, RBCs lack a nucleus, whereas in other vertebrates they contain a nucleus.
Functions:
Transport of oxygen
Transport of carbon dioxide
Regulation of blood pH through buffering action
2. White Blood Cells (WBCs)
White blood cells are irregular in shape, contain a nucleus, and lack hemoglobin. Their lifespan ranges from 1 to 15 days. They play a vital role in the body’s immune defense by destroying pathogens through phagocytosis. A healthy individual has approximately 4,000–10,000 WBCs per cubic millimeter of blood.
3. Platelets
Platelets are small, nucleus-free cell fragments with an average lifespan of 5–10 days. About 250,000 platelets are present per cubic millimeter of blood. Their primary function is to assist in blood clotting and prevent excessive bleeding.
General Functions of Blood
Transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Transport of nutrients and hormones
Removal of waste products
Regulation of body temperature
Protection against diseases
Abnormal Conditions of Blood Production
Polycythemia: excessive increase in red blood cells
Anemia: deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin
Leukemia: abnormal increase in white blood cells (blood cancer)
Leukocytosis: temporary increase in white blood cells
Thalassemia: inherited form of anemia.jpeg "What are the signs of poor blood circulation?")
lassification and Importance of Blood
Before a blood transfusion, determining the blood groups of both the donor and recipient is essential. Transfusion of incompatible blood can cause severe complications and may be fatal. In emergency situations, O Rh-negative blood is considered the safest. Blood grouping is also important in forensic investigations and in determining biological relationships such as paternity.
Blood cells are suspended in plasma and are of three main types:
1. Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
Red blood cells are biconcave, disc-shaped, and red due to hemoglobin. They are produced in the bone marrow and do not divide after entering the bloodstream. The average lifespan of an RBC is about 120 days. In mammals, RBCs lack a nucleus, whereas in other vertebrates they contain a nucleus.
Functions:
Transport of oxygen
Transport of carbon dioxide
Regulation of blood pH through buffering action
2. White Blood Cells (WBCs)
White blood cells are irregular in shape, contain a nucleus, and lack hemoglobin. Their lifespan ranges from 1 to 15 days. They play a vital role in the body’s immune defense by destroying pathogens through phagocytosis. A healthy individual has approximately 4,000–10,000 WBCs per cubic millimeter of blood.
3. Platelets
Platelets are small, nucleus-free cell fragments with an average lifespan of 5–10 days. About 250,000 platelets are present per cubic millimeter of blood. Their primary function is to assist in blood clotting and prevent excessive bleeding.
General Functions of Blood
Transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Transport of nutrients and hormones
Removal of waste products
Regulation of body temperature
Protection against diseases
Abnormal Conditions of Blood Production
Polycythemia: excessive increase in red blood cells
Anemia: deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin
Leukemia: abnormal increase in white blood cells (blood cancer)
Leukocytosis: temporary increase in white blood cells
Thalassemia: inherited form of anemia
.jpeg "What are the signs of poor blood circulation?")
lassification and Importance of Blood
Before a blood transfusion, determining the blood groups of both the donor and recipient is essential. Transfusion of incompatible blood can cause severe complications and may be fatal. In emergency situations, O Rh-negative blood is considered the safest. Blood grouping is also important in forensic investigations and in determining biological relationships such as paternity.
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Conclusion
Blood plays a crucial role in sustaining life. A thorough understanding of its composition, functions, production, classification, and circulation helps in saving lives. Therefore, awareness about proper blood donation, storage, and transfusion practices is essential for everyone.
Conclusion
Blood plays a crucial role in sustaining life. A thorough understanding of its composition, functions, production, classification, and circulation helps in saving lives. Therefore, awareness about proper blood donation, storage, and transfusion practices is essential for everyone.
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অর্ডিনারি আইটির নীতিমালা মেনে কমেন্ট করুন। প্রতিটি কমেন্ট রিভিউ করা হয়।
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